Blockchain Interoperability Statistics 2026: Bridge Volume and Risk

Cross-chain bridges tracked by DefiLlama moved $28.537 billion over the last 30 completed days through October 2, 2026, and Relay and Across handled about 66.6% of that total. Protocol operators report larger cumulative totals: Circle’s CCTP has processed more than $126 billion in cumulative volume, while $260 billion+ has moved through LayerZero’s 830+ OFTs.

Attacks on cross-chain bridges resulted in losses of nearly $4.3 billion between 2021 and 2024, according to researchers who catalogued bridge attack incidents. The data below tracks where cross-chain value moves, which protocols carry it, what bridge failures have cost, and how banks are starting to connect their own ledgers to public chains.

Key Takeaways

• Relay led bridge volume with $11.587 billion over 30 days, ahead of Across at $7.426 billion, per DefiLlama.
• 71% of all stablecoin supply moves on LayerZero, according to LayerZero.
• KelpDAO was exploited for approximately $290 million on April 18, 2026, while relying on a 1-of-1 DVN setup with LayerZero Labs as the sole verifier.
• Hackers withdrew $320 million in BTC from the Liquid Network reserve, then sent 3,400 BTC, roughly 85% of the amount withdrawn, back to Liquid.
• 17 banks are set to pioneer tokenised cross-border payments on Swift’s blockchain ledger.
• North Korean hackers stole $2.02 billion in cryptocurrency in 2025, a 51% year-over-year increase, per Chainalysis.

Editor’s Choice

• 30-day bridge volume: $28.537 billion, per DefiLlama.
• CCTP cumulative volume: More than $126 billion across more than 6 million total cross-chain transfers.
• LayerZero reach: 830+ OFTs across 170+ chains.
• CCIP token value: Over $84 billion in total cross-chain token value.
• Wormhole all-time volume, as of April 2025: $59 billion in all-time volume enabled.
• Bridge hack losses, 2022 count: $2 billion across 13 separate cross-chain bridge hacks, per Chainalysis.

Blockchain Interoperability Statistics: Cross-Chain Bridge Volume

• The last 30 completed days added up to $28.537 billion.
• That 30-day total averages about $951 million a day.
• Bridge-mediated transfers routinely reach hundreds of millions of USD per day, according to The Price of Interoperability, a 2026 study of cross-chain bridges.

Source: DefiLlama Bridges, October 2026

About This Data

• Compiled from 17 sources: 14 company, protocol, data dashboard, and blockchain analytics publications, and 3 academic papers.
• Sources were published between August 2022 and October 2026; bridge volumes are DeFiLlama readings from October 2, 2026, and change daily.
• Figures are reviewed on a rolling basis and updated when sources publish new editions.

Protocol totals for LayerZero, CCIP, and Wormhole further down measure a different layer than these bridge readings, much as our DeFi market statistics separate TVL from volume.

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Top Cross-Chain Bridges by 30-Day Volume

• Relay processed $11.587 billion over 30 days and $1.829 billion over 7 days.
• Across followed with $7.426 billion over 30 days and $1.169 billion over 7 days.
• USDT0, Tether’s omnichain USDT, moved $3.421 billion over 30 days.
• Stargate moved $1.084 billion, Hyperliquid $1.075 billion, and Circle Gateway $1.02 billion over the same window.
• Relay and Across together account for about 66.6% of the 30-day total.

Recent Developments

• September 29, 2026: Chainlink said it is enabling financial institutions to connect their systems and key signing infrastructure to Swift’s blockchain ledger through the Chainlink platform.
• September 28, 2026: Chainlink launched CCIP 2.0, which it says carries over $84 billion in total cross-chain token value.
• September 9, 2026: Chainalysis detailed the $320 million Liquid Network exploit, in which a vulnerability let hackers create unbacked L-BTC tokens and exchange them for real BTC.
• July 16, 2026: LayerZero said its OFT Standard works across 170 chains and $75 billion worth of assets.
• July 9, 2026: Swift announced its blockchain-based ledger is ready for initial use, with 17 banks set to pioneer tokenised cross-border payments.

Daily Cross-Chain Bridge Volume by Protocol

• Relay moved $270.74 million on the last completed day.
• Relay alone carried about 33.1% of the day’s $817.02 million total.
• Across processed $190.66 million and USDT $159.61 million on the same day.
• Stargate moved $47.14 million and Circle Gateway $38.71 million in a day.
• Hyperliquid’s bridge moved $23.15 million in a day against $347.2 million over 7 days.
• Mayan recorded $21.21 million in a day and $161.99 million over 7 days.

Mid-Tier Bridge and IBC Volume Statistics

• Mayan posted $720.27 million over 30 days.
• Lighter’s bridge moved $379.91 million over 30 days.
• deBridge recorded $221.42 million and the Polygon PoS Bridge $209.58 million over 30 days.
• IBC carried $203.96 million over 30 days and $3.87 million in a day.
• rhino.fi moved $179.12 million and Butter Network $116.11 million over 30 days.

Circle CCTP and USDC Interoperability Statistics

• CCTP has processed more than $126 billion in cumulative volume and more than 6 million total cross-chain transfers.
• USDC’s market cap rose to $77 billion as of December 23, 2025, up from $44 billion on January 1, 2025.
• Native USDC and CCTP expanded to Aptos, Hyperliquid, Linea, Monad, Sei, Sonic, Starknet, Unichain, and World Chain, among others.
• Circle agreed to acquire Interop, a deal expected to close in early 2026 that would accelerate work across Arc and CCTP.

Source: Circle 2025 Year in Review, December 2025

Key finding: CCTP processed more than $126 billion across more than 6 million crosschain transfers by December 23, 2025, Circle reported. Burn-and-mint transfers move native USDC without a wrapped token in between, which removes the pool of locked tokens that lock-and-mint bridges hold.

Native issuance across more chains also shapes the supply and volume figures in our USD Coin statistics.

LayerZero Interoperability Statistics

• $260 billion+ has moved through 830+ OFTs across 170+ chains, according to LayerZero.
• Over $40 billion of crypto-native assets, including L1 tokens, wrapped Bitcoin, and memecoins, are built as OFTs.
• USDT0 expanded natively to 24+ chains in 15 months, becoming the fastest payments platform to hit $100 billion in cross-border volume.
• When Plasma launched a stablecoin chain, over $15 billion of value moved through LayerZero into the chain.
• Ondo connected its $500 million tokenized T-bill product across 6 chains with LayerZero.

Source: LayerZero, June and July 2026

Where those stablecoins end up is visible in our stablecoin market share by chain data, which tracks the same multichain spread from the issuance side.

Chainlink CCIP Statistics

• CCIP carries over $84 billion in total cross-chain token value, per Chainlink’s CCIP 2.0 announcement.
• Coinbase selected CCIP as the exclusive bridge infrastructure for all Coinbase Wrapped Assets, which have an aggregate market cap of approximately $7 billion as of December 2025.
• The leading liquid staking protocol, with $33+ billion TVL, upgraded to CCIP as the official cross-chain infrastructure for wstETH across all chains.
• CCIP 2.0 lets users operate their own Cross-Chain Verifier (CCV), adding a verification step that must be completed before CCIP can execute a transaction.

Source: Chainlink, 2025 and 2026

Wormhole and Cross-Chain Messaging Statistics

• Wormhole had already processed over $40 billion in asset transfer volume and facilitated over 1 billion messages by the time its W token launched.
• Wormhole cited $59 billion in all-time volume enabled as of April 3, 2025.
• Wormhole’s arbitrary message passing transfers data across 30+ blockchains.
• Wormhole contributors set a goal to 10x the message and asset transfer volume Wormhole facilitates over the next 1-2 years.
• Institutional integrations include BlackRock, Apollo, and Securitize.

Source: LayerZero, Circle, Chainlink, Wormhole, 2025 and 2026

By the numbers: LayerZero reports $260 billion+ moved through its OFTs, Circle reports more than $126 billion through CCTP, and Wormhole cites $59 billion in all-time volume. Each figure uses its own method and date, so the gaps show scale, not market share.

Cross-Chain Bridge Hack Statistics

• Chainalysis estimated that $2 billion in cryptocurrency had been stolen across 13 separate cross-chain bridge hacks, and that attacks on bridges accounted for 69% of total funds stolen in 2022 at the time.
• Researchers catalogued 49 attacks on cross-chain bridges between June 2021 and September 2024.
• Attacks against cross-chain business logic caused significantly more damage than those that do not.
• LayerZero said preliminary indicators suggest the KelpDAO exploit was likely the work of DPRK’s Lazarus Group.
• The Liquid Network hackers drained roughly 4,000 of the 4,200 BTC held on Liquid Network, a sidechain to Bitcoin.
• The cryptocurrency industry lost over $3.4 billion to theft from January through early December 2025, with Bybit alone accounting for $1.5 billion.

The Liquid Network’s $320 million BTC withdrawal, shown above, sits inside a broader pattern of bridge security failures. The table below lines that incident up against two other tracked losses: the nearly $4.3 billion attributed to 49 cataloged bridge attacks between 2021 and 2024, and the approximately $290 million KelpDAO rsETH exploit.

Source: Chainalysis, arXiv research, and LayerZero, 2022 to 2026

Why it matters: LayerZero said the KelpDAO incident was isolated to the rsETH configuration as a direct consequence of a single-DVN setup. Chainlink’s CCIP 2.0 now lets users run their own Cross-Chain Verifier, adding a verification step before CCIP can execute. Verifier redundancy is becoming a central security lever.

Incident-level losses across exchanges, bridges, and protocols are logged in our crypto hacks tracker, and the fraud side of the picture sits in our cryptocurrency security and fraud statistics.

What is the biggest problem in blockchain?

Securing the links between chains ranks among the costliest problems, judging by loss data. Attacks on cross-chain bridges resulted in losses of nearly $4.3 billion between 2021 and 2024, by researchers’ count, and KelpDAO’s approximately $290 million loss in April 2026 came on a 1-of-1 DVN setup.

Bridges in Crypto Money Laundering

• North Korean hackers pushed their all-time total to $6.75 billion despite fewer attacks.
• Compared to other stolen-funds actors, DPRK hackers show a +97% difference in bridge service use, relying heavily on cross-chain bridges to move assets between blockchains and complicate tracing.
• Mixing services show a +100% difference.
• DPRK actors avoid lending protocols, at a -80% difference, and use decentralized exchanges less, at -42%.
• In 2022, Chainalysis said bridges had become a top target for North Korean-linked hackers, who had stolen approximately $1 billion so far that year, entirely from bridges and other DeFi protocols.

Source: Chainalysis, December 2025. Not charted: “Chinese-language money movement and guarantee services (+355% to +1000%+)”, which Chainalysis reports as a range, and “Specialized services like Huione (+356%)”.

Bridges therefore sit on both sides of the theft cycle, as targets and as laundering routes, and exchange breaches feed the same pipeline, as our crypto exchange hack and security data show.

Institutional Interoperability Statistics

• Swift’s ledger enables early adopter financial institutions to support 24/7 cross-border payments with tokenised deposits, according to the Swift announcement.
• Swift designed and built the ledger with feedback from international financial institutions in just nine months.
• Pilot banks include ANZ, BNP Paribas, BNY, Citi, DBS, HSBC, MUFG Bank, Standard Chartered, UBS and Wells Fargo.
• Swift’s infrastructure moves the equivalent of world GDP every two to three days between more than 200 markets.
• A full 75% of payments on the Swift network reach beneficiary banks within 10 minutes.
• Kinexys by J.P. Morgan, Ondo Finance and Chainlink completed a cross-chain Delivery versus Payment (DvP) transaction.
• Chainlink’s 2025 review reports a new, unified infrastructure for streamlining corporate actions processing, created together with 24 of the world’s largest financial market infrastructures and institutions.

Source: Swift, July 2026

The ledger extends a messaging network whose speed and reach we compare against XRP in our XRP vs Swift statistics.

Is blockchain still relevant in 2026?

Yes, judging by institutional adoption. Swift’s blockchain ledger is ready for use, with 17 banks set to pioneer tokenised cross-border payments, and Chainlink launched CCIP 2.0, giving institutions a neutral interoperability layer to distribute digital assets across blockchains. Both moves give regulated institutions a route onto shared ledgers.

Intent-Based Bridge and Cross-Chain Network Research

• Researchers analyzed 3.5 million cross-chain intents that moved $9.24 billion worth of tokens between June and November 2025.
• Those intents ran across three major protocols, Mayan Swift, Across, and deBridge, spanning nine blockchains.
• For rational attackers, protocols with higher solver profitability, such as deBridge, are vulnerable under current parameters: in the researchers’ model, 210 historical attack instances yield a mean net profit of $286.14, with 80.5% of attacks profitable.
• An optimized attack strategy reduces attack costs by up to 90.5% compared to the baseline.
• The cross-chain corridor network densifies rapidly from 2022 to 2025 and forms a multi-hub core dominated by large EVM-compatible stacks.
• Ethereum, Arbitrum, Base, Optimism, Polygon, Avalanche, and Linea form that core, while Solana, TRON, Cronos, Rootstock, Ronin, and opBNB rely on fewer gateway corridors.

Source: arXiv research on intent-based bridges and bridge attacks, 2024 and 2026

Conclusion

DefiLlama’s $28.537 billion 30-day bridge total shows how much value now crosses chains each month, and about 66.6% of it runs through Relay and Across. Researchers who catalogued bridge attacks counted losses of nearly $4.3 billion between 2021 and their 2024 study. Chainlink’s CCIP 2.0 and LayerZero’s DVN model both put verifier design at the center.

Swift’s ledger will expand in functionality and availability after the initial controlled go-live phase. Based on the patterns we have tracked, the next test is whether bank pilots and user-run verifiers cut the share of value lost at chain boundaries.