Cryptocurrency Mining Statistics 2026: Energy, Profits & Risks

Bitcoin’s network hashrate climbed to 830.22 EH/s in June 2026 against a mining difficulty of 124.93 trillion, pushing the protocol roughly 35% above its Q1 2025 baseline on the same 3.125 BTC block subsidy. The compression is the defining story of mining: more compute chasing fewer coins per block, and the operators with sub-3-cent power are the only ones reliably profitable. Public-miner SEC filings and Cambridge energy data tell the same story from opposite ends: capital deployment up, margin headroom down.

Key Takeaways

• Bitcoin’s network hashrate reached 830 EH/s in June 2026, after surpassing 800 EH/s in Q1 2026.
• The block subsidy sits at 3.125 BTC since the April 20, 2024 halving at block 840,000, translating to roughly 450 new BTC issued per day across 144 blocks.
• The United States, Russia, and China together control about 65% of global Bitcoin hashrate, with the US at 37.4% and Russia at 16.9%.
• Bitcoin mining draws an estimated 170 to 180 TWh annually, roughly 0.7 to 0.8% of global electricity production, with 52.4% coming from sustainable sources.
• Foundry USA and AntPool together account for more than 50% of network hashrate, with Foundry at 24.27% and AntPool at 21.35%.
• Public-miner Q1 2026 revenue diverged sharply: MARA Holdings reported $174.6 million, an 18% drop from Q1 2025, while HIVE Digital posted record fiscal Q1 revenue of $45.6 million, with its digital-currency mining segment up 44.9% sequentially to $40.8 million.
• Bitcoin’s hash price has compressed to roughly $0.06 per TH per day, down from $0.12 in early 2024.

Editor’s Choice

• Network hashrate of 830.22 EH/s sets a new all-time high heading into the next difficulty adjustment.
• The 2024 halving cut per-block rewards from 6.25 BTC to 3.125 BTC, a structural shift miners are still absorbing.
• Sector-wide miner revenue was projected to reach $17.2 billion in 2025, up from $14.7 billion in 2024.
• The United States consumes about 132.6 GWh per day for Bitcoin mining, roughly 1.1% of total US daily electricity demand.
• Riot Platforms reported Q1 2026 deployed hashrate of 42.5 EH/s, up 26% year over year, at an all-in power cost of 3.0 cents per kWh.
• Russia’s share of the global Bitcoin hashrate shot up to roughly 16%, a significant jump from the 4.66% reported by the Cambridge Center for Alternative Finance following the November 1, 2024 mining legalization law.

Recent Developments

• April 30, 2026: MARA Holdings disclosed Q1 2026 revenue of $174.6 million against a net loss of $1.3 billion in its SEC 8-K.
• April 30, 2026: Riot Platforms reported Q1 2026 production of 1,473 BTC and a deployed hashrate of 42.5 EH/s, down 4% in BTC mined year over year.
• March 31, 2026: CleanSpark reported 658 BTC produced for the month and a peak operational hashrate of 50.0 EH/s.
• February 28, 2026: HIVE Digital Technologies posted record fiscal Q1 revenue of $45.6 million, with 406 BTC mined at an average hashrate of 8.9 EH/s.
• December 31, 2025: Russian authorities disclosed that only roughly 30% of miners had registered under the country’s new mining law as of year-end.
• November 1, 2024: Russia’s mining legalization law took effect with a 6,000 kWh per month registration threshold and a 15% tax on mined assets.

Bitcoin Network Hashrate and Difficulty

Bitcoin’s hashrate is the single most-tracked metric in proof-of-work mining, and the 830.22 EH/s reading captured in June 2026 sits well above the 800 EH/s threshold the network crossed in Q1 2026. The next protocol difficulty adjustment, currently estimated at 128.36 trillion (from the prevailing 124.93 trillion), will tighten the share that any individual exahash earns per block.

The arithmetic is unforgiving: When hashrate grows faster than block rewards, each unit of compute earns a smaller slice of a fixed-size pie. Cambridge’s Bitcoin Electricity Consumption Index (CBECI) treats hashrate plus hardware efficiency as the primary input for its global power model.

• Network hashrate reached 830.22 EH/s in June 2026, a new all-time high.
• Current mining difficulty stands at 124.93 trillion, with the next adjustment estimated at 128.36 trillion (June 27, 2026).
• Block subsidy is 3.125 BTC since April 20, 2024, with approximately 450 BTC issued daily across 144 blocks.
• Year-over-year hashrate growth of approximately 35% from Q1 2025 to Q1 2026.

Source: Hashrate Index, CoinWarz, Bitcoin protocol

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Bitcoin Mining by Country

The geography of mining has consolidated since China’s 2021 ban, and the latest Hashrate Index data shows the United States holds 37.4% of global Bitcoin hashrate, Russia 16.9%, and China still 12.0%.

Outside the top three, Paraguay leverages surplus hydroelectric power from the Itaipú Dam, the UAE draws capital-backed mining capacity, and Ethiopia is one of the fastest-growing markets monetizing underutilized hydro capacity. This three-country supermajority changes the protocol’s geopolitical exposure: a sanction event, an electricity crisis, or a regulatory pivot in any of the three can move global hashrate by 10 percentage points within a quarter.

• United States holds 37.4% of global Bitcoin hashrate, the largest share by country.
• Russia accounts for 16.9% of global hashrate following its November 2024 mining legalization law.
• China retains 12.0% despite a formal mining prohibition in place since 2021.
• Paraguay (5.2%), Canada (4.1%), and UAE (3.8%) round out the top six mining nations.

By the numbers: Per Hashrate Index, the US, Russia, and China together command roughly 65% of global hashrate in Q2 2026, a level of geographic concentration the protocol has not seen since before the 2021 Chinese exodus reshuffled the map.

Bitcoin Mining Pools

Mining-pool concentration is the lever that most directly affects censorship resistance. Foundry USA, a Digital Currency Group subsidiary that operates institutional-only with KYC-gated onboarding, holds 24.27% of network hashrate, and AntPool holds 21.35%. Together, Foundry and AntPool collectively hold over 50% of the market’s hashrate.

Two pools controlling more than half of network hashrate is functionally a duopoly for transaction ordering; readers who care about Bitcoin’s censorship-resistance properties should track this number closely.

• Foundry USA holds 24.27% of network hashrate as the largest mining pool.
• AntPool holds 21.35%; together with Foundry, it accounts for over 50% of the network.
• ViaBTC (12.8%), F2Pool (9.6%), and Binance Pool (8.2%) are the next largest pools.
• MARA Pool holds 5.1%, with the remaining 18.67% distributed across smaller pools.

Bitcoin Mining Energy Consumption

The Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance publishes the most-cited estimate of Bitcoin’s electricity use. As of February 2026, CBECI puts annualized consumption at 170 to 180 TWh, around 0.7 to 0.8% of global electricity production.

Cambridge’s July 2025 sustainability update shifted the energy-mix picture: 52.4% of Bitcoin mining now uses sustainable sources, broken down as 42.6% renewables plus 9.8% nuclear, leaving natural gas at 38.2% and coal at 8.9%.

• Cambridge CBECI estimates Bitcoin mining consumes 170 to 180 TWh annually, roughly 0.7 to 0.8% of global electricity.
• Renewables (hydro, wind, solar) account for 42.6% of the mining energy mix per the July 2025 Cambridge update.
• Natural gas supplies 38.2%, with nuclear at 9.8% and coal at 8.9%.
• Sustainable sources together (renewables plus nuclear) power 52.4% of Bitcoin mining.

Key finding: Per Cambridge’s July 2025 update, sustainable sources (renewables plus nuclear) now power 52.4% of Bitcoin mining, a structural change from the pre-2021 mix, when coal-heavy Chinese provinces still dominated the network and renewable-share estimates rarely cleared 40%.

The mining sector’s growing reliance on tokenized assets for power-purchase agreements has helped to reshape that mix, and the steady displacement of coal in favor of stranded gas and grid-balancing renewables continues to lift the sustainable share.

US Bitcoin Mining Footprint

The U.S. Energy Information Administration tracks US-domestic mining through both top-down and bottom-up models. EIA’s 2024 analysis estimated domestic Bitcoin mining electricity use at 25 to 91 TWh in 2023, representing between 0.6% and approximately 2.3% of total US electricity demand, assuming the US share of global activity remained at approximately 38%.

The bottom-up survey identified 101 mining facilities with a maximum estimated power demand of 10.275 GW, or approximately 2.3% of total US average annual power demand in 2023. More recent updates put daily consumption at 132.6 GWh, or about 1.1% of total US daily electricity demand as of March 2026, equivalent to 48 to 49 TWh annualized.

• EIA bottom-up survey identified 101 mining facilities with peak power demand of 10.275 GW in 2023.
• US mining consumed an estimated 25 to 91 TWh in 2023, or 0.6% to 2.3% of total US electricity demand.
• March 2026 EIA data puts daily US mining consumption at 132.6 GWh, approximately 1.1% of US daily electricity demand.
• Annualized, the March 2026 figure equates to approximately 48 to 49 TWh per year.

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration Today in Energy briefs

State policy is part of the story. Texas has positioned itself as the global capital of industrial Bitcoin mining through its deregulated ERCOT grid and direct mining-to-generator power agreements, with Kentucky and Wyoming also offering pro-mining tax treatment and incentives; New York moved the opposite direction with its 2022 moratorium on new proof-of-work mining permits at fossil-fueled power plants. For broader regulated-finance context, mining sits inside an evolving compliance perimeter that varies state by state.

Public Bitcoin Mining Companies

Q1 2026 earnings showed sharp bifurcation across the four largest North American operators. Hive Digital finished the quartet with the strongest growth profile, while higher-cost peers absorbed the squeeze.

• MARA Holdings reported Q1 2026 revenue of $174.6 million, down 18% from $213.9 million in Q1 2025, with a net loss of $1.3 billion ($3.31 per diluted share).
• MARA’s energized hashrate reached 72.2 EH/s at quarter-end, up 33% from 54.3 EH/s a year earlier, and the company produced 2,247 BTC at an average price of $76,288 while selling 20,880 BTC at $70,137.
• Riot’s deployed hashrate hit 42.5 EH/s at end of Q1 2026, up 26% year over year, with average operating hashrate of 36.4 EH/s (up 23%).
• Riot produced 1,473 BTC in Q1 2026, down 4% from 1,530 BTC in Q1 2025, against full-year 2025 production of 5,686 BTC.
• Riot’s fleet efficiency improved to 20.2 joules per terahash from 21.0 J/TH, with an all-in power cost of 3.0 cents per kWh.
• Riot sold 3,778 BTC in Q1 2026, raising $289.5 million for data center expansion.
• CleanSpark reported a February 2026 peak operational hashrate of 50.0 EH/s, an average of 43.2 EH/s, and 568 BTC mined that month, followed by 658 BTC in March 2026.
• CleanSpark’s year-to-date Q1 2026 production reached 1,141 BTC through February and 1,799 BTC through March, with 13,363 BTC in treasury and a deployed fleet of 235,588 miners.
• HIVE Digital posted fiscal Q1 2026 revenue of $45.6 million (Adjusted EBITDA $44.6 million), with digital-currency mining contributing $40.8 million, up 44.9% sequentially; and 406 BTC mined at an average 8.9 EH/s (up 45% quarter over quarter).
• HIVE’s BUZZ HPC business added a record $4.8 million in AI-compute revenue, growing 59.8% sequentially.

The contrast with MARA is the headline: same protocol economics, very different cost curves and capital structures.

Bitcoin Mining Profitability and Hashprice

Hashprice, revenue per terahash per day, is the cleanest single metric for miner economics, and it has compressed materially since the halving.

• Bitcoin hashprice now sits at roughly $0.055 to $0.065 per TH per day, down from $0.12 in early 2024.
• Network difficulty has risen about 5% per month on average in 2026, leaving energy costs and hardware efficiency as the dominant levers on margin.
• The subsidy floor is fixed at 3.125 BTC per block, with the next halving scheduled to drop it to 1.5625 BTC in 2028.

Source: Hashrate Index Hashprice Index

Transaction fees are a secondary lever that varies dramatically week to week. Transaction-fee ratios have stabilized at around 15% of total miner revenue in 2026, with the average fee at $0.2385 per transaction as of June 14, 2026, though in March 2025 fees accounted for just 1.25% of miner revenue, the lowest ratio in three years, with each block carrying roughly 0.025 BTC in fees against the 3.125 BTC subsidy.

Aggregate sector revenue still grew despite fee weakness: miners were projected to generate $17.2 billion in 2025, up from $14.7 billion in 2024, on the back of Bitcoin’s price move from $53,000 to over $109,000 in the months after the halving.

Mining rigs depreciate faster as efficiency compounds; Riot’s 20.2 J/TH fleet is roughly twice as efficient as 2021-era S19-class machines.

Worth noting: Per Hashrate Index, the $0.06 per TH hashprice means a hypothetical 1 EH/s fleet generates roughly $60,000 per day in gross mining revenue before electricity, which is why operators with sub-3-cent power costs continue to expand while higher-cost peers retire S19-generation machines.

Cryptocurrency Mining Regulation

Mining regulation cuts in opposite directions across jurisdictions, from outright bans to pro-mining tax regimes built to attract industrial load.

• Russia legalized mining on November 1, 2024, requiring registration for operators above 6,000 kWh per month, a 15% tax on mined assets, and a bar on foreign operators.
• Kazakhstan’s 2023 Law on Digital Assets mandates miner licensing and a 15% tax on mining income, confining most crypto trading to the Astana International Financial Centre.
• Kazakhstan became the world’s second-largest mining hub almost overnight after China’s 2021 ban, before tightening its own regime.
• Texas, Kentucky, and Wyoming court miners with low taxes and affordable energy, while New York’s 2022 moratorium restricts new proof-of-work permits at fossil-fueled plants.
• The EIA formally withdrew its emergency cryptocurrency-mining electricity data collection on March 1, 2024.
• Chinese operators still account for roughly 12.0% of global hashrate despite the formal prohibition.

Source: U.S. state statutes, Russian Federation mining law, Kazakhstan Law on Digital Assets, Cambridge mining map

For the broader cryptocurrency regulatory map, mining sits inside the same evolving compliance perimeter that governs exchanges and custody.

Alt-Coin Mining

Proof-of-work mining outside Bitcoin has consolidated into a smaller, scrypt-heavy and CPU-heavy fringe. Litecoin’s network hashrate has been sitting around 2.7 PH/s as of early June 2026, while Dogecoin’s hashrate ranges between 2.7 and 3.4 PH/s after peaking at 8.72 PH/s in February 2026.

Dogecoin uses AuxPoW merged mining, allowing scrypt miners to receive DOGE rewards automatically while mining LTC, and the two networks track each other with a correlation of roughly 0.95.

• Litecoin network hashrate sits at approximately 2.7 PH/s as of early June 2026.
• Dogecoin hashrate ranges between 2.7 and 3.4 PH/s, after peaking at 8.72 PH/s in February 2026.
• LTC and DOGE use AuxPoW merged mining, tracking each other with a correlation of approximately 0.95.
• Monero (RandomX) network hashrate is 5.83 GH/s with difficulty 699.6 G, using a CPU-optimized algorithm.

Source: ViaBTC merged-mining dashboard and MiningPoolStats

Monero’s network hashrate sits at 5.83 GH/s with a difficulty of 699.6 G, and a high-end CPU such as an AMD Ryzen 9 7950X produces around 25 to 28 KH/s, roughly 0.003 to 0.004 XMR per day at current difficulty. The top Monero pools (SupportXMR, MoneroOcean, and P2Pool) charge fees between 0% and 1%. Monero’s RandomX algorithm is explicitly designed to resist ASIC and GPU optimization, preserving an egalitarian-mining model that no other top-15 cryptocurrency still enforces.

The proof-of-stake Ethereum staking market replaced what used to be the second-largest mining network, and cloud mining services occupy a separate retail-access segment with its own statistical surface.

What happens when all 21 million Bitcoins are mined?

After the 2028 halving, the block subsidy will drop to 1.5625 BTC, the cleanest near-term test of whether fees can sustain the network. The protocol’s 21 million cap is reached around 2140; thereafter fees alone must carry the security budget.

Can you mine 1 Bitcoin in a day?

At a network hashrate of 830 EH/s with 450 new BTC issued daily across 144 blocks, the expected daily reward per 1 PH/s of compute works out to roughly 0.00054 BTC before fees and expenses. A solo operator with 1 PH/s would need 2,000 days on average to mine a single BTC, which is why most operators route through a pool that smooths variance.

Conclusion

The 2026 cryptocurrency mining picture is defined by compression: a network running at 830 EH/s against the fixed 3.125 BTC subsidy, with hashprice compressed to roughly six cents per terahash. The United States anchors the geography at 37.4% of global hashrate, with Russia and China completing a three-country supermajority that did not exist before 2022.

Cost discipline is now the binding constraint: operators with sub-3-cent power and the latest J/TH-class fleets are extending their lead while higher-cost peers retire S19-class machines or pivot toward AI-compute hosting.